MOSCOW, August 31 The first President of the USSR, Mikhail Gorbachev, led the country in difficult times, under him there were perestroika and glasnost, but he completed his mission with the collapse of the state, Grigory Karasin, head of the international committee of the Federation Council, wrote on his Telegram channel. Gorbachev died in 1992 on Tuesday evening after a serious and prolonged illness. In 1990, he won the Nobel Peace Prize for his contribution to the peace process between the Soviet Union and Western countries.
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«Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, a politician of our country, who led it in difficult times, proclaimed perestroika and glasnost, and completed his mission with the collapse of the Soviet Union, passed away. Probably, this is the main thing,» the politician noted. According to Karasin, the death of a person is «not the best moment for harsh criticism and swearing at him.» «Let's express our condolences to relatives and family,» the senator wrote.In March 1985, 54-year-old Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. After 74-year-old Konstantin Chernenko, he seemed like a young leader.
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In March 1985, 54-year-old Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. After 74-year-old Konstantin Chernenko, he seemed like a young leader.
A year later he was re-elected, and on March 15, 1990 he became president — the first and last in the history of the Soviet Union.
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A year later, he was re-elected, and on March 15, 1990, he became president — the first and last in the history of the Soviet Union.
Gorbachev was the first "to come out to the people" and appeared in public with his family, allowing his wife to step out of the shadows.
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Gorbachev was the first " ;came out to the people" and appeared in public with his family, allowing his wife to come out of the shadows.
In April 1985, Gorbachev announced a reform program under the slogan "acceleration of the country's socio-economic development", which he later called perestroika.
4 of 15
In April 1985, Gorbachev announced a reform program under the slogan "acceleration of the country's socio-economic development", which he later called perestroika.
< p>In the Soviet Union, a policy of glasnost was announced, private enterprise was legalized, and «new thinking» was proclaimed in foreign policy. Contemporaries assess the consequences of his reforms ambiguously.
5 of 15
The Soviet Union announced a policy of glasnost and legalized private entrepreneurship , in foreign policy proclaimed "new thinking". Contemporaries assess the consequences of his reforms ambiguously.
According to many, these changes were the impetus for the beginning of the collapse of the USSR.
6 of 15
According to many, It was these changes that became the impetus for the beginning of the collapse of the USSR.
By the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, as a result of inconsistency and inconsistency in the implementation of perestroika, the crisis intensified in all spheres of society.
p>
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By the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, as a result of inconsistency and inconsistency in the implementation of perestroika, the crisis intensified in all spheres of society.
Gorbachev played one of the key roles in the fall of the Berlin Wall, which became a symbol of the fall "of the Iron Curtain", and of the unification of Germany.
8 of 15
Gorbachev played one of the key roles in the fall of the Berlin Wall, which became a symbol of the fall of the "Iron Curtain", and in the unification of Germany.
Opponents regarded Gorbachev's initiatives as concessions to the West. He was reproached for the fact that, having received verbal guarantees of NATO's non-expansion to the east, he did not formally formalize these promises. 15
Opponents regarded Gorbachev's initiatives as concessions to the West. He was reproached for the fact that, having received verbal guarantees of NATO's non-expansion to the east, he did not formally formalize these promises.
In 1989, a historic meeting between Mikhail Gorbachev and George W. Bush Sr. took place. The leaders of the USSR and the USA announced that they were ending the Cold War. Decades later, Gorbachev nevertheless admitted that, despite good intentions, the confrontation and the military threat had not gone away. 15
In 1989, a historic meeting between Mikhail Gorbachev and George W. Bush took place. The leaders of the USSR and the USA announced that they were ending the Cold War. Decades later, Gorbachev nevertheless admitted that, despite good intentions, the confrontation and the military threat had not disappeared.
The British Prime Minister and the "iron lady" of world politics, Margaret Thatcher considered Gorbachev a person with whom "you can deal".
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British Prime Minister and "iron lady" of world politics, Margaret Thatcher considered Gorbachev a person with whom "you can deal".
Despite the fact that in 1990 a referendum was held in the country on the preservation of the USSR the population spoke in favor of the preservation of the Soviet Union, the "parade of sovereignties" — The Supreme Soviets of the Union Republics, one after another, made decisions on the sovereign right to self-determination, which in practice meant secession from the USSR.
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Despite the fact that in 1990 the country held a referendum on the preservation of the USSR as a single state, and the majority of the population voted for the preservation of the Soviet Union, the "parade of sovereignties" — The Supreme Soviets of the Union republics, one after another, made decisions on the sovereign right to self-determination, which in practice meant secession from the USSR.
In the presidential rank, Mikhail Sergeevich did not stay long: on August 19, 1991, his closest associates, including & # 34; power & # 34; ministers, announced the creation of the State Emergency Committee. They demanded that Gorbachev, who was on vacation in Crimea, declare a state of emergency in the country or temporarily transfer power to Vice President Gennady Yanaev.
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In the presidential rank, Mikhail Sergeevich did not stay long: on August 19, 1991, his closest associates, including & # 34; power & # 34; ministers, announced the creation of the State Emergency Committee. They demanded that Gorbachev, who was on vacation in Crimea, introduce a state of emergency in the country or temporarily transfer power to Vice President Gennady Yanaev.
Boris Yeltsin led the resistance to the putschists. He signed decrees in which the creation of the State Emergency Committee was qualified as an attempted coup d'état. On August 24, 1991, Mikhail Gorbachev resigned as General Secretary of the Central Committee and left the CPSU, and on December 25, after the signing of the Belovezhskaya Accords on the liquidation of the USSR, he announced the termination of his work as president.
14 of 15
Boris Yeltsin led the resistance to the putschists. He signed decrees in which the creation of the State Emergency Committee was qualified as an attempted coup d'état. On August 24, 1991, Mikhail Gorbachev resigned as Secretary General of the Central Committee and left the CPSU, and on December 25, after the signing of the Belovezhskaya Accords on the liquidation of the USSR, he announced the termination of his work as president.
After his resignation Gorbachev gave lectures, gave interviews, wrote extensively, founded the International Foundation for Socio-Economic and Political Science Research (Gorbachev Foundation), initiated the creation of the Forum of Nobel Peace Prize Laureates.
15 of 15
After his resignation, Gorbachev gave lectures, gave interviews, wrote a lot, founded the International Foundation for Socio-Economic and Political Science Research (Gorbachev-Fund), initiated the creation of the Forum of Nobel Peace Prize Laureates.
1 of 15
In In March 1985, 54-year-old Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. After 74-year-old Konstantin Chernenko, he seemed like a young leader.
2 of 15
A year later he was re-elected, and on March 15, 1990 he became president — the first and last in the history of the Soviet Union.
3 of 15
Gorbachev was the first "came to the people" and appeared in public with his family, allowing his wife to come out of the shadows.
4 of 15
In April 1985, Gorbachev announced a reform program under the slogan "acceleration of the country's socio-economic development" , which he later called perestroika.
5 of 15
The policy of glasnost was announced in the Soviet Union, private enterprise was legalized, and "new thinking" was proclaimed in foreign policy. Contemporaries assess the consequences of his reforms ambiguously.
6 of 15
According to many, it was these changes that became the impetus for the beginning of the collapse of the USSR.
7 of 15
By the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, as a result of inconsistency and inconsistency in the implementation of perestroika, the crisis intensified in all spheres of society.
8 of 15
Gorbachev played one of the key roles in the fall of the Berlin Wall, which became a symbol of the fall of the "Iron Curtain", and in the unification of Germany.
p>
9 of 15
Opponents regarded Gorbachev's initiatives as concessions to the West. He was reproached for the fact that, having received oral guarantees of non-expansion of NATO to the East, he did not formally formalize these promises.
10 of 15
In 1989, a historic meeting between Mikhail Gorbachev and George W. Bush Sr. took place. The leaders of the USSR and the USA announced that they were ending the Cold War. Decades later, Gorbachev nevertheless admitted that, despite good intentions, the confrontation and the military threat had not disappeared.
11 of 15
British Prime Minister and "iron lady" of world politics, Margaret Thatcher considered Gorbachev a person with whom "you can deal".
12 of 15
Despite the fact that in 1990 a referendum was held in the country on the preservation of the USSR as a single of the state and the majority of the population spoke in favor of preserving the Soviet Union, the "parade of sovereignties" — The Supreme Soviets of the Union Republics, one after another, made decisions on the sovereign right to self-determination, which in practice meant secession from the USSR.
13 of 15
Mikhail Sergeevich did not stay in the presidential rank for long: on August 19, 1991, his closest associates, including "power" ministers, announced the creation of the State Emergency Committee. They demanded that Gorbachev, who was on vacation in Crimea, declare a state of emergency in the country or temporarily transfer power to Vice President Gennady Yanaev.
14 of 15
Resistance to the putschists was led by Boris Yeltsin . He signed decrees in which the creation of the State Emergency Committee was qualified as an attempted coup d'état. On August 24, 1991, Mikhail Gorbachev resigned as Secretary General of the Central Committee and left the CPSU, and on December 25, after the signing of the Belovezhskaya agreements on the liquidation of the USSR, he announced the termination of his work as president.
15 of 15
After his resignation, Gorbachev gave lectures, gave interviews, wrote a lot, founded the International Foundation for Socio-Economic and Political Science Research (Gorbachev-Foundation), initiated the creation of the Forum of Nobel Peace Prize Laureates.