MOSCOW, Aug 31Ex-editor-in-chief of Ekho Moskvy Alexei Venediktov*, speaking about the death of Mikhail Gorbachev, called the first president of the USSR a historical figure and said that we were all orphaned, but not everyone understood it yet. «It seems to me that we are all orphaned, but not all this was understood yet. Mikhail Sergeevich is a figure already historical, I would say, mythological. And I lost a friend, not a president, that's all,» Venediktov said * RIA Novosti.
01:30The fate of the president: Mikhail Gorbachev diedThe first president of the USSR, Mikhail Gorbachev, died at the age of 92 on Tuesday evening after a serious and prolonged illness. In 1990, he won the Nobel Peace Prize for his contribution to the peace process between the Soviet Union and Western countries. * Media acting as a foreign agent. Mikhail Gorbachev — the last Secretary General and the first President of the USSR
In March 1985, 54-year-old Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. After 74-year-old Konstantin Chernenko, he seemed like a young leader.
1 of 15
In March 1985, 54-year-old Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. After 74-year-old Konstantin Chernenko, he seemed like a young leader.
A year later he was re-elected, and on March 15, 1990 he became president — the first and last in the history of the Soviet Union.
2 of 15
A year later he was re-elected, and on March 15, 1990, he became president, the first and last in the history of the Soviet Union.
Gorbachev was the first "to come out to the people" and appeared in public with his family, allowing his wife to step out of the shadows.
3 of 15
Gorbachev was the first "came to the people" and appeared in public with his family, allowing his wife to come out of the shadows.
In April 1985, Gorbachev announced a reform program under the slogan "acceleration of the country's socio-economic development", which later called perestroika.
4 of 15
In April 1985, Gorbachev announced a reform program under the slogan " acceleration of the socio-economic development of the country", which he later called perestroika.
In the Soviet Union, a policy of glasnost was announced, private enterprise was legalized, and «new thinking» was proclaimed in foreign policy. Contemporaries assess the consequences of his reforms ambiguously.
5 out of 15
The Soviet Union announced a policy of glasnost and legalized private entrepreneurship , in foreign policy proclaimed "new thinking". Contemporaries assess the consequences of his reforms ambiguously.
According to many, these changes were the impetus for the beginning of the collapse of the USSR.
6 of 15
According to many, these changes were the impetus for the beginning of the collapse of the USSR.
By the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, as a result of inconsistency and inconsistency in the implementation of perestroika, the crisis intensified in all spheres of society.
p>
7 of 15
By the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, as a result of inconsistency and inconsistency in the implementation of perestroika, the crisis intensified in all spheres of society.
Gorbachev played one of the key roles in the fall of the Berlin Wall, which became a symbol of the fall of the "Iron Curtain", and in the unification of Germany. 8 out of 15Gorbachev played one of the key roles in the fall of the Berlin Wall, which became a symbol of the fall of the "Iron Curtain", and in the unification of Germany.
Opponents regarded Gorbachev's initiatives as concessions to the West. He was reproached for the fact that, having received verbal guarantees of NATO's non-expansion to the east, he did not formally formalize these promises. 15
Opponents regarded Gorbachev's initiatives as concessions to the West. He was reproached for the fact that, having received verbal guarantees of NATO's non-expansion to the east, he did not formally formalize these promises.
In 1989, a historic meeting between Mikhail Gorbachev and George W. Bush Sr. took place. The leaders of the USSR and the USA announced that they were ending the Cold War. Decades later, Gorbachev nevertheless admitted that, despite good intentions, the confrontation and the military threat had not gone away. 15
In 1989, a historic meeting between Mikhail Gorbachev and George W. Bush took place. The leaders of the USSR and the USA announced that they were ending the Cold War. Decades later, Gorbachev nevertheless admitted that, despite good intentions, the confrontation and the military threat had not disappeared.
The British Prime Minister and the "iron lady" of world politics, Margaret Thatcher considered Gorbachev a person with whom "you can deal".
11 of 15
British Prime Minister and "iron lady" of world politics, Margaret Thatcher considered Gorbachev a person with whom "you can deal".
Despite the fact that in 1990 the country held a referendum on the preservation of the USSR as a single state and the population spoke in favor of the preservation of the Soviet Union, the "parade of sovereignties" — The Supreme Soviets of the Union Republics, one after another, made decisions on the sovereign right to self-determination, which in practice meant secession from the USSR.
12 out of 15
Despite the fact that in 1990 the country held a referendum on the preservation of the USSR as a single state, and the majority of the population voted for the preservation of the Soviet Union, the "parade of sovereignties" — The Supreme Soviets of the Union republics, one after another, made decisions on the sovereign right to self-determination, which in practice meant secession from the USSR.
Mikhail Sergeevich did not stay in the presidential rank for long: on August 19, 1991, his closest associates, including power ministers, announced the creation of the State Emergency Committee. They demanded that Gorbachev, who was on vacation in Crimea, declare a state of emergency in the country or temporarily transfer power to Vice President Gennady Yanaev.
13 of 15
Mikhail Sergeevich did not stay in the presidential rank for long: on August 19, 1991, his closest associates, including power ministers, announced the creation of the State Emergency Committee. They demanded that Gorbachev, who was on vacation in Crimea, introduce a state of emergency in the country or temporarily transfer power to Vice President Gennady Yanaev.
Boris Yeltsin led the resistance to the putschists. He signed decrees in which the creation of the State Emergency Committee was qualified as an attempt at a coup d'état. On August 24, 1991, Mikhail Gorbachev resigned as General Secretary of the Central Committee and left the CPSU, and on December 25, after the signing of the Belovezhskaya Accords on the liquidation of the USSR, he announced the termination of his work as president.
14 of 15
Boris Yeltsin led the resistance to the putschists. He signed decrees in which the creation of the State Emergency Committee was qualified as an attempt at a coup d'état. On August 24, 1991, Mikhail Gorbachev resigned as Secretary General of the Central Committee and left the CPSU, and on December 25, after the signing of the Belovezhskaya Accords on the liquidation of the USSR, he announced the termination of his work as president.
After his resignation Gorbachev gave lectures, gave interviews, wrote extensively, founded the International Foundation for Socio-Economic and Political Science Research (Gorbachev Foundation), initiated the creation of the Forum of Nobel Peace Prize Laureates.
15 of 15
After his resignation, Gorbachev gave lectures, gave interviews, wrote a lot, founded the International Foundation for Socio-Economic and Political Science Research (Gorbachev-Fund), initiated the creation of the Forum of Nobel Peace Prize Laureates.
1 of 15
In In March 1985, 54-year-old Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU. After 74-year-old Konstantin Chernenko, he seemed like a young leader.
2 of 15
A year later he was re-elected, and on March 15, 1990 he became president — the first and last in the history of the Soviet Union.
3 of 15
Gorbachev was the first "came to the people" and appeared in public with his family, allowing his wife to come out of the shadows.
4 of 15
In April 1985, Gorbachev announced a reform program under the slogan "acceleration of the country's socio-economic development" , which he later called perestroika.
5 of 15
The policy of glasnost was announced in the Soviet Union, private enterprise was legalized, and "new thinking" was proclaimed in foreign policy. Contemporaries assess the consequences of his reforms ambiguously.
6 of 15
According to many, it was these changes that became the impetus for the beginning of the collapse of the USSR.
7 of 15
By the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s, as a result of inconsistency and inconsistency in In the implementation of perestroika, the crisis intensified in all spheres of society.
8 of 15
Gorbachev played one of the key roles in the fall of the Berlin Wall, which became a symbol of the fall of the "Iron Curtain", and in the unification of Germany.
9 of 15
Opponents regarded Gorbachev's initiatives as concessions to the West. He was reproached for the fact that, having received verbal guarantees of non-expansion of NATO to the east, he did not formally formalize these promises.
10 of 15
In 1989, a historic meeting between Mikhail Gorbachev and George W. Bush Sr. took place. The leaders of the USSR and the USA announced that they were ending the Cold War. Decades later, Gorbachev nevertheless admitted that, despite good intentions, the confrontation and the military threat had not disappeared.
11 of 15
British Prime Minister and "iron lady" of world politics, Margaret Thatcher considered Gorbachev a person with whom "you can deal".
12 of 15
Despite the fact that in 1990 a referendum was held in the country on the preservation of the USSR as a single of the state and the majority of the population spoke in favor of preserving the Soviet Union, the "parade of sovereignties" — The Supreme Soviets of the Union republics, one after another, made decisions on the sovereign right to self-determination, which in practice meant secession from the USSR.
13 of 15
Mikhail Sergeevich did not stay in the presidential rank for long: on August 19, 1991, his closest associates, including the power ministers, announced the creation of the State Emergency Committee. They demanded that Gorbachev, who was on vacation in Crimea, introduce a state of emergency in the country or temporarily transfer power to Vice President Gennady Yanaev.
14 of 15
Resistance to the putschists was led by Boris Yeltsin . He signed decrees in which the creation of the State Emergency Committee was qualified as an attempt at a coup d'état. On August 24, 1991, Mikhail Gorbachev resigned as Secretary General of the Central Committee and left the CPSU, and on December 25, after the signing of the Belovezhskaya agreements on the liquidation of the USSR, he announced the termination of his work as president.
15 of 15
After his resignation, Gorbachev gave lectures, gave interviews, wrote a lot, founded the International Foundation for Socio-Economic and Political Science Research (Gorbachev-Foundation), initiated the creation of the Forum of Nobel Peace Prize Laureates.