MOSCOW, March 14 The creation of anti-thrombotic shells for medical implants and drug carriers from recycled wood will be possible with the domestic technology of biochemical modification, SibFU scientists believe. The results of the study were published in the journal Pharmaceutics.
In a standard wood processing system, only cellulose is extracted for further use, the rest of the wood components are converted into large-tonnage unclaimed waste.
At the same time, wood raw material is multicomponent, it contains two more natural polymers: lignin and hemicelluloses. The latter belong to polysaccharides and can become a promising component for further use in industry, said at the Siberian Federal University (SFU).
Hemicelluloses have the properties of sorbents, antioxidants and are completely biodegradable. At the same time, they have a rather mobile structure, which makes it possible to impart various useful properties to the substance, the university drew attention.
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«We have developed a technology for modifying this polymer with sulfate groups. So it acquires the properties of an anticoagulant — a substance that prevents thrombosis. Our derivatives can form thin films that are optimal for coating drug carriers and implants,” said Yury Malyar, Associate Professor of the Department of Organic and Analytical Chemistry at the Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Science of the Siberian Federal University.
The specialist explained that with prolonged contact with internal tissues, medical implants create a risk of thrombosis. A blood clot can interfere with blood flow or even lead to blockage of a vessel. Therefore, drug transporters and elements integrated into the body are treated with anticoagulants. Heparin is the most popular, but it has side effects and often causes allergic reactions.
There are anticoagulants based on animal polysaccharides or from seaweed, but modifying and regulating their chemical composition is much more difficult, the expert noted. -url=»https://ria.ru/20220802/tpu-1806441351.html» data->
Now scientists have confirmed the effectiveness of anticoagulants from wood polysaccharides in experiments on cellular structures (in test tube). And in the near future, experts planned a study on laboratory mice, drew attention to the Siberian Federal University.
«Also, for the first time, we were able to obtain hemicellulose derivatives without the use of toxic organic solvents. Usually, environmentally unsafe reagents based on sulfuric acid are used in the sulfation process. We work with non-toxic solvents and safer sulfamic acid,» added Malyar.
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The scientist noted that the technology of three-component processing of forest waste may require significant financial investments. First, it is necessary to separate the lignin, and only then separate the cellulose and hemicelluloses so that the substances do not have other impurities.
However, the costs of introducing new methods of wood processing can be paid off due to the production of not only anticoagulants, but also other medical products , suggested the expert. Hemicelluloses can be used as excipients in tablets, as well as as a sorbent or antioxidant.
The study was carried out in collaboration with the Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology (ICCT) of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the National Medical Research Center (NMRC) of Hematology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The development of new materials was carried out as part of the SibFU strategic project «M4: material science, mining, metallurgy, machinery», which is part of the Priority 2030 program.