MOSCOW, June 20, Tatyana Pichugina.The conference «Smart clinic: the path to digital transformation» was held in a hybrid format in Moscow, organized by the City Clinical Hospital No. L. A. Vorokhobova. This is a major international event that brought together speakers from near and far abroad. The focus is on the involvement of artificial intelligence systems in medicine.
Challenges and risks of AI
Opening the conference «Smart clinic: the path to digital transformation», the chief physician of the City Clinical Hospital No. 67 named after. Vorokhobov Andrei Shkoda thanked the Moscow Health Department, personally Vice Mayor Anastasia Rakova, the Council of Chief Physicians, professors of the Moscow State Medical University named after M.V. A. I. Evdokimov Nelli Naigovzinu, Minister of Health of Serbia Danica Gruichich, Embassy of South Africa in Russia. The conference was attended by about 120 specialists from different regions of Russia, Serbia, South Africa, China, France, Italy, Germany, Uruguay, Austria and other countries.
In her welcoming speech, Elena Efremova, Deputy Department of Health of Moscow, recalled that on June 18, a big holiday was celebrated in our country — the Day of the Medical Worker. «Thank you, colleagues, for choosing this profession many years ago and now you save people's lives every day,» Elena Efremova thanked the audience.
The speaker drew attention to the fact that the principle of «do no harm» operates in healthcare. «AI helps, prompts, but will never replace a person. We teach clinical thinking, and it is inherent only in people. You have observed more than once when the clinical picture seems to be clear, but the diagnosis is not confirmed. Or when, against all odds, a person recovers from a very difficult diagnosis Because the human body lives according to different rules. Therefore, AI should be an assistant, and the main thing is the person, «Elena Efremova outlined her position.
The conference covered a variety of topics, such as surgery, neurology, pharmaceuticals, perinatal medicine, oncology, big data. All of them are united by the active use of intellectual technologies. “There are more and more of these tools, they cause anxiety among doctors and patients. We would like to know where we are now, what lies ahead for us, what dangers may lie in wait for us and how to get around them,” Andrey Shkoda emphasized.
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What is consciousness and smart devices
Konstantin Anokhin, Director of the Institute for Advanced Study of the Brain at Lomonosov Moscow State University, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, spoke about how AI helps neuroscientists. This year marked a special point in the development of civilization, when it is necessary to rethink everything related to the concept of «mind». This is due to the introduction into our lives of systems built on large language models called the Generative Pre-trained Transformer, or GPT. The scientist predicts these systems will be widely used in medicine.
“The concept of digital medicine will become a thing of the past, instead of it the concept of a smart hospital will appear. Smart systems help the doctor analyze huge databases, diagnose, prescribe treatment, and manage. This is already happening in the commercial sector,” said Konstantin Anokhin. He spoke about the development of the «smart» Telegram bot Morfeus, which is endowed with emotions. It was created by Russian programmer David Yan, founder of the text recognition company ABBY. He is building a smart home in Silicon Valley populated by an unusual GPT. «Yang positions it as a 'self-aware emotional intelligent agent'. Will Morfeus or other similar AI systems develop a conscious property?» asked the researcher.
Intelligence, like consciousness, appeared and improved in the process of human activity. If intelligence is data analysis and decision making, then consciousness is feeling, experiencing experience. “Maybe the same thing happens in the self-development of AI. But in order to understand what are the signs of consciousness, we need a scientific theory. We are creating it, this is a cognitome, the theory of neural hypernetworks of the brain. It says that not only a person has consciousness,” the academician stated Anokhin.
Serbian neuroscientist Dragana Rogulya from Harvard Medical School spoke about smart devices that will transmit information to scientists about biomarkers in the intestines. It all started with the study of lack of sleep. By observing laboratory mice and flies, scientists have found that due to lack of sleep, free radicals accumulate in the cells of the intestine, which damage them. They came up with the idea to feed the animals with antioxidant cocktails to reduce harm to health. But before creating them, you need to collect data on reactive oxygen species in cells and other biomarkers. To do this, she works with colleagues and engineers on the design of smart devices. «We are a few steps away from the final prototype,» Associate Professor Rogulya said.
Big network, big data
Ilya Tyrov, Deputy Head of the Moscow City Health Department, spoke about the work of the Unified Medical Information and Analytical System (EMIAS). EMIAS is essentially a platform that unites all Moscow and not only clinics. The patient is in charge. All data about his health is entered into an electronic medical record, which has been open since 2020. There is also access to a children's medical record, a convenient mobile application, and the ability to open temporary access to medical records for doctors from another clinic. Now the database contains about 2.5 billion records. All this allows you to develop a conscious approach to health. So, in EMIAS, you can keep a diary of observations of your well-being, and in the summer you can go through a health check at one of the points in Moscow. =»photo» data-crop-ratio=»0.559260928346102″ data-crop-width=»600″ data-crop-height=»336″ data-source-sid=»» class=»lazyload» lazy=»1″/
EMIAS has more than 220 subsystems of various sizes that help maintain communication between patients and doctors, among physicians. There is a great demand for mobile devices in ambulances and hospitals, because they need information quickly and in a convenient format.
EMIAS is also building a decision support system based on clinical protocols, data analysis using AI who knows 265 groups of diagnoses. All this allows you to make a preliminary diagnosis and make batch appointments.
Speech recognition technologies are being developed in radiology, functional diagnostics, where it is convenient for doctors to control programs with voice commands. «On average, 20 percent of the time is saved for filling out research protocols. We have taught the algorithm to understand medical terminology, but it needs to be improved,» the speaker clarifies.
One of the most outstanding achievements in the capital's healthcare is the introduction of AI in radiology. For three years, 23 companies have been involved in the program, 1455 diagnostic devices, more than ten million studies have been done. “AI is able to recognize images and write conclusions. Starting this year, a service is available for mammography for two conclusions — from a doctor and AI,” says Ilya Tyrov.
In total, 21 areas in radiology are covered, 86 services have been developed, of which 53 are already connected, the rest are being tested. Most are domestic developments.
Obviously, large-scale digitalization has taken place in the public and commercial healthcare sectors, but now approaches are changing, in particular, to the development architecture. “The advantage is in platform solutions that accumulate a large number of services. These are, in fact, medical marketplaces where a variety of functions are concentrated,” Maxim Shamansky, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of the Digital Block of the Department of Public Health and Healthcare of the Moscow State Medical University named after M.V. AI Evdokimova.
According to him, service medical models with end-to-end user identification and open innovation platforms are gaining popularity. There is a great demand for mobile diagnostic devices and gadgets that save time in making medical decisions.
Another trend is AR and VR systems in medical education, services of psychological assistance, which have become widespread during the pandemic, remote health monitoring services. Insurance companies have already become interested in the latest systems. It is possible that appropriate programs will appear in the VHI in some regions of Russia.
The key issue is citizens' trust in the information environment. «Scientists know the resources where scientific information is concentrated. An ordinary person is often confused, he does not know where to get reliable information,» the speaker specified. health, which are accumulated with the help of digital services. The question is how to manage them effectively. And here you can’t do without the help of AI.