MOSCOW, July 11The widespread use of quantum computing may begin as early as 2024, most likely, quantum computers will already be able to surpass classical ones in solving previously inaccessible problems, according to the report “Quantum Technologies for Government and Business: Present and Future”, available . The report was prepared by experts from the Roscongress Foundation, the Russian Quantum Center, OOO SP Kvant, Russian Railways and the Moscow government on the eve of the technology forum «Computing and Communications. Quantum World».
«»According to experts, the widespread practical use of quantum computing may begin in 2024-2025 with the advent of 1000-qubit systems (qubits are analogues of classical bits, with a large number of them it is possible to solve problems that are inaccessible to ordinary computers — ed.)», — says in analytics.
It adds that by that time, quantum computers are likely to be able to outperform classical computers in solving some practical optimization and machine learning problems. Systems with a million or more qubits that will appear after 2030 will probably be used to model chemical systems, solve problems in aerodynamics and hydrodynamics, and cryptanalysis.
“Quantum computers are technically complex systems that so far operate most often in laboratory conditions (at low temperatures, in ultrahigh vacuum, etc.). The indicative cost of final quantum computers is still too high, and circulation remains limited,” analysts explain.
For this reason, in the near future, a significant share of the quantum computing market will not be sales of end devices, but the provision of cloud access to quantum computing systems. Quantum cloud service providers are currently around 20 different companies, including IBM, Amazon and Microsoft.
“Supercomputer centers can become the largest customers of quantum computers. IBM scientists have developed the concept of “quantum-centric supercomputers” in this regard. Before the emergence of full-fledged quantum computing systems, they see the creation of quantum accelerators capable of working in conjunction with classical supercomputers as an intermediate goal,” the report explains.
«The global quantum computing market is only in its infancy, and its size is quite difficult to estimate and predict. Nevertheless, in recent years, it has come to be understood that already on the horizon of 2025-2030, in the era of mass introduction of quantum computers, non-quantum technological leadership will become impossible. For this reason, today many large international companies have already started or are planning to start various events in the near future to get acquainted with quantum computing and gain practical experience,» the analysts conclude.