MOSCOW, October 5. Scientists from SSU named after N.G. Chernyshevsky, together with colleagues from India, discovered that with the help of external noise influences it is possible to control some manifestations of the dynamics of complex systems. According to the authors of the study, the results obtained are applicable in managing the operating modes of various structures, such as energy networks. The results of the work were published in the journal Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science.
Most real objects (from cellular tissues and bacterial populations to energy and transport systems or computer networks) are complex networks of interconnected systems, said scientists from the Saratov National Research State University University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky (SSU).
The operating modes of systems depend on the properties of individual elements, the structure of connections between them and the presence of random influences.
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To study the influence of these factors on phenomena occurring in real systems, SSU researchers, together with Indian colleagues, applied the technology of dynamics of complex systems with simple mathematical models of nonlinear dynamics that demonstrate actually observed phenomena and structures.
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One of the key phenomena in the dynamics of complex networks is synchronization, that is, the coordinated behavior of connected systems, explained Galina Strelkova, head of the Department of Radiophysics and Nonlinear Dynamics of the Institute of Physics of SSU named after N.G. Chernyshevsky.
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“Without taking into account the effect of consistency, it is impossible to create sustainable structures, modern mechanisms, energy, telecommunications and other networks. At the same time, synchronization can also lead to undesirable consequences. For example, synchronization of certain groups of neurons in the brain leads to the emergence of a number of pathologies, such as Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy,” said Strelkova.
As one of the manifestations of partial or cluster synchronization the scientist called chimeric states.
According to Strelkova, one of the important practical applications of the study of such structures relates to the field of neurodynamics and neurophysiology.
Some stressful conditions of the human brain, as well as the phenomenon of slow sleep in one hemisphere of the brain in birds and aquatic mammals, may be associated with chimeras. In addition, the appearance of chimeric structures is a precursor to seizures in patients with epilepsy.
«Using computer simulations carried out jointly with Elena Rybalova (SSU) and Sishu Muni (IISER Kolkata), we demonstrated the diversity of dynamic space-time structures (chimeras and multichimeras, solitary states, traveling waves and their combinations) formed in an ensemble of coupled discrete models of the van der Pol oscillator when changing parameters. It was found that most of the modes are transitional and ultimately reduce to the traveling wave mode,» said the head of the department.
She noted that the lifetime of states systems, as well as the duration of transition processes, can be controlled, in particular, using external noise influences. The authors of the study consider this result to be especially important, since it reflects the constructive role of noise in the dynamics of complex systems.
The scientific team will continue research in this direction, since real systems of various natures are inevitably influenced by internal and external noise sources.
The research was carried out with the support of grants from the Russian Science Foundation.