Its discovery is akin to finding a needle in a haystack
The new asteroid rushed by on March 31 at 19.00 Moscow time, 24-28 thousand kilometers above the Earth, inside the operating zone of geostationary satellites. A few hours earlier, at 4.30 am, it was discovered by Russian astronomer Gennady Borisov, who works at the Crimean Observatory. We called the discoverer in hot pursuit.
Gennady Borisov. Photo from personal archive
Help «MK». Gennady Borisov, a graduate of the physics department of Moscow State University, works in the Crimean branch of the Astronomical Research Center and part-time — engineer of the SAI MSU (State Astronomical Institute named after Sternberg of Moscow State University named after Lomonosov). In his free time, he makes his own telescopes, through which he observes and searches for comets and asteroids. In 2014, he was twice awarded the Edgar Wilson Award — International Prize in Astronomy, which is awarded annually to the discoverers of comets.
— Yes, I discovered this asteroid at about 4.30 am, and the minimum altitude of passage from the Earth was recorded at 19 o’clock Moscow time, – The discoverer confirmed the information. – The asteroid turned out to be small, 3-4 meters in diameter. Its distinctive feature was that it flew very close to the Earth – at a distance from 24 to 28 thousand kilometers. This is lower than the altitude at which our geostationary satellites operate (their orbit is located at an altitude of 36 thousand kilometers).
— Hardly. High density of satellites in orbit – This is a rather relative concept. It's like taking 500 people and releasing them individually at different points in the Pacific Ocean. The likelihood that two of them will meet somewhere is very small. In addition, the small size of the asteroid makes this probability even smaller.
50-meter Borisov telescope. Photo courtesy of G. Borisov
– Until we have clarified its orbit, no one can say for sure. I can only say that he near-Earth, most likely – from the Aten family because it has an almost circular orbit, very similar to the earth's. The period of revolution around the Sun is also close to our earthly year.
— Now, after approaching our planet, it can perform a gravitational maneuver and abruptly change its orbit.
Using his homemade 50 cm telescope. In addition to the small size of the “pebble” itself, the situation was already quite complicated bright moon.
— The fact is that people like him, with larger sizes, can be dangerous for earthlings due to a collision. We have shown that we can detect such “gifts” from the sky 15 hours before closest approach to our planet. The sooner we learn to do this, the lower the risk of repeating consequences like those that occurred from the fall of the Chelyabinsk meteorite, which could not be detected in advance, despite the fact that it was much larger.
-Yes! As soon as I discovered the asteroid, I immediately sent the result to the Minor Planet Center, Harvard (USA). There the robot sees that the object is unique and immediately puts the information on the page for everyone who wants to confirm it at other observatories. Many immediately after this joined in the observations and observed my new asteroid.
Not yet, it has a preliminary number, which I gave it myself: GB00686. In a couple of days, a publication circular will be released, where he will be given an official name.
In a year. But it’s unlikely that we’ll be able to detect it again, – after all, his find is now – this is great luck.
Of course. Such asteroids are called impactors. Now there are several cases when, after discovering a flying fireball (large meteor), scientists named the place of its possible fall, and search groups of amateurs found fresh burnt fragments there.