What role will pensioners and artificial intelligence play in the domestic labor market
Russia is recording historically low unemployment this year. According to Rosstat, in April the figure was 2.6%. However, behind this record lies a serious problem — the shortage of labor in the domestic labor market. The Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Central Bank have already called the shortage of personnel the main challenge for the economy. What specialists are missing in Russia, where should a student go to find a job after graduation, and what qualities are needed to find a well-paid job in a dream company, labor market specialist and HR consultant Maria Klochko told MK.
— According to a popular employment service, it has become slightly easier for Russians to find work. The study introduced the concept of a “job search difficulty index,” and in April-June it decreased by 0.01 points. According to the survey, residents of the Northwestern Federal District complain most often about problems finding work. Representatives of the arts and mass media experience the most difficulties with employment, and service and domestic staff are in the greatest demand. Russians living in the Far Eastern Federal District find it easiest to find work.
— In fact, the situation with personnel shortages is not new for Russia. One of the reasons is the demographic problems of the 90s of the last century, and also the inadequately inflated demands of candidates on employers and spontaneous, unpredictable transitions from company to company. Employees are now divided into two categories: some work for a long time and benefit the company for many years, others, having not achieved quick results, for example, a promotion, change companies like gloves.
— The average salary in Russia now, according to recent statistical data, is 64,820 rubles. This is 37% higher than a year ago. According to the same employment service, in the first summer month, Russian employers published 280 thousand vacancies with salaries starting from 500 thousand rubles. Companies that are willing to pay this much to applicants work in the information technology sector (50 thousand vacancies), retail trade (28 thousand) and the financial sector (about 27 thousand). The most highly paid jobs are in Moscow (85 thousand vacancies), followed by St. Petersburg (23 thousand) and the Moscow region (12 thousand).
— Bargaining between a candidate and an employer always stops at some point of balance. For the applicant, it is determined by the potential of the employer’s brand: how much the expected functions, company culture, and the value of the employer’s projects can be useful for him. If all this is present, then a person can reduce his demands. On the employer's side, the balance point is determined by how irreplaceable the candidate's competencies are. On both sides, after reaching an agreement, the level of demands increases significantly. An employer, having paid a higher price for a candidate or has suffered through the selection process and received a weak candidate, begins to be picky about his results. The employee, especially during the probationary period, will have to constantly prove that he is worthy of this job and salary.
Nowadays, the requirements for the profession are changing rapidly. Many tasks arise at the intersection of disciplines, so the main recommendation to the employer here is one — carefully study the basic competencies of the future employee to understand whether the person can master the necessary functionality.
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— Attracting retirees is a great way for many companies to close personnel gaps. I think that the trend in the labor market to attract older applicants to work will continue in the future. Thus, according to a study by the country’s largest state bank, by 2035 the most active group of working employees will be representatives of generation X (people born from 1965 to 1980 – .). That is, the pool of active workers is aging. This is due to the demographic problems of the 90s, as well as the fact that older employees are more mentally healthy compared to subsequent generations: they are less dependent on gadgets, more purposeful, capable of perseverance and at the same time quite social. They are often driven, in addition to earning money, by the need to be in a team. This generation of employees is also characterized by activity.
At the same time, it will not be possible to close the personnel shortage in Russia in the near future only by attracting pensioners. It is necessary to increase labor productivity through the use of artificial intelligence (AI), systems with ChatGPT and similar solutions. They are able to replace a large number of routine processes. Any form of optimization in a company will always bring additional resources and can reduce staffing load where simple operations need to be performed.
— The world is changing so quickly, and now we need to adhere to the concept that we receive our first education in order to be able to pay for a good second one. So the advice is simple: choose an education at a prestigious university, taking into account the student’s inclinations, and then life will tell him where to go. It is necessary to develop a desire to learn and a thirst for new things — this is the key to an employee’s survival, a necessary quality for his future career and professional growth.
— In Russia, a similar gender bias in patches has historically developed. This problem is typical for many countries. I can only recommend one thing: a woman can qualify for a higher salary if she has certain unique competencies that allow her to compete with men.
— Yes, AI is used both for employee assessment and for their development. These systems will not replace people or put them out of work, as many observers fear, but will be able to streamline simple functions. They make it possible to spend less business resources on routine processes, which will allow people to redirect their efforts to more important tasks.
— To find a good job, you need to understand your development areas, strengths and weaknesses sides. Writing a good resume alone is not enough to land your dream job. The volume of resumes processed by each HR manager is so large that often even the most experienced recruiters simply do not have time to notice your unique resume. Therefore, active “selling yourself” and skillfully presenting yourself as a specialist will be very useful. Develop skills of self-presentation, self-presentation and perseverance. Everything else will follow. Against the background of information overload, it is bright candidates who are able to present themselves in a favorable light that become more noticeable among a large number of other applicants for the same vacancy.